Figure 1: Global Biofuels Production, 1983–2014Figure 2: Canadian Production of Ethanol and Biodiesel, 2001–2015Figure 3: Life-cycle CO2 Emissions of Various BiofuelsFigure 4: Global Emissions Reductions From Canadian PoliciesFigure 5: Domestic Emissions Reductions From Canadian PoliciesFigure 6: Wholesale Prices of Ethanol and Gasoline, 2012–2015Figure 7: Wholesale Prices of Biodiesel and Diesel, 2012–2015
Tables
Table 1: Production Costs of Fuels per 100 km at Different Crude Oil PricesTable 2: Types of Biofuel Policies Used in CanadaTable 3: Renewable Fuel Mandates in CanadaTable 4: Estimated Global Emissions Reductions (Mt CO2e)Table 5: Estimated Canadian Emissions Reductions (Mt CO2e)Table 6: Average Annual Emissions Reductions, 2010–2015 (Mt CO2e)Table 7: Estimated Consumer Costs of Biofuel Policies ($ Millions)Table 8: Estimated Fiscal Costs of Canadian Production Subsidies ($ Millions)Table 9: Estimated Total Costs of Biofuel Policies ($ Millions)Table 10: Per-Tonne Cost of Emissions Reductions From Biofuel PoliciesTable 11: Estimated Effects of Biofuel Policies (With Higher Carbon Intensities)Table 12: Air Pollution Impacts From the Production and Combustion of Biofuels